metapersons

03 May 2025 - 03 May 2025
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    • Can't believe I hadn't heard this term previously, but it comes up in WS more than once.
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      • Marshall Sahlins' Concept of Metapersons Marshall Sahlins developed the concept of "metapersons" as part of his anthropological theory examining how different cultures understand personhood beyond the Western notion of humans as the only beings with agency, intentionality, and social significance. Metapersons are non-human entities that various cultures recognize as having person-like qualities, including:

      • Consciousness
      • Intentionality
      • Agency
      • Social relationships
      • Ability to influence human affairs These metapersons can include:
      • Ancestral spirits
      • Deities and gods
      • Animals with special status
      • Natural forces (rivers, mountains, storms)
      • Objects with spiritual significance For Sahlins, the Western separation between humans and non-humans (where only humans have full personhood) is not universal but culturally specific. Many societies throughout history have operated with an understanding that personhood extends beyond human beings. This concept challenges the modern Western ontological division between nature and culture, suggesting instead that many cultures operate with what anthropologists call "relational ontologies" - worldviews where relationships between various types of beings (human and non-human) are fundamental to understanding reality. Sahlins argued that recognizing these alternative conceptions of personhood is crucial for understanding different cultural systems and avoiding imposing Western assumptions about personhood onto other societies. This concept has been particularly influential in studies of Indigenous cosmologies and religious systems.